Bone Fractures

A bone fracture, or break, occurs when the force applied against the bone is stronger than the bone. Joints are especially vulnerable to fractures because the bones that make up the joint are held together by soft tissues -- muscles, ligaments, and tendons.

Ankle and wrist fractures are common injuries that most often result from a traumatic injury. When an injury occurs that you suspect might be a fracture, it is important to seek appropriate medical care as soon as possible. The injury may simply require casting and possibly a short period of rehabilitation, or if the injury is more serious, it may require surgery and a more extended rehabilitation period.

Fractures of the hip are particularly common in older people who experience a fall. Most of these fractures are near the hip joint and are called either femoral neck fractures or intertrochanteric hip fractures. Both of these fractures require surgical treatment in order to preserve independence and freedom of movement, with the least chance of  potential problems. A hip fracture can be an especially severe injury, particularly in an elderly person. 

Additionally, spinal fractures often occur in the elderly as the result of a fall. Another type of fracture, a compression fracture is the structural collapse of a vertebrae, often due to loss of bony mass caused by osteoporosis. If the fracture is minor,  it may cause little discomfort. However, a more extensive fracture may cause painful backaches. Over time, an accumulation of spinal compression fractures can allow the spine to bend forward, causing what is commonly referred to as “dowager's” or “widow's hump.” If a compression fracture is suspected, you should consult your doctor immediately.

A fracture can occur in any joint. Most often, if a fracture has occurred, there may be a great deal of pain, swelling and discoloration of the skin. Mobility of the affected area is also usually limited. The severity of a bone fracture can vary significantly. Some people are not certain there is a broken bone until the injured area is evaluated by a physician. In other cases, the break is obvious and you probably will not be able to move the affected joint. It is important to seek medical attention anytime you think you have broken a bone. If there is any bleeding, deformity or protrusion of the bone through the skin, emergency medical attention should be obtained immediately.